How Do Doctors Treat Viral Infections – Viral fever is a common disease. But as the season changes, everyone becomes more wary of high fever due to the outbreak of other viral infections like dengue that have very similar symptoms.
The same thing happened to Supriya Kaushik and Radhika Sharma who were roommates. Both of them were running high fever and didn’t want to take any chances.
How Do Doctors Treat Viral Infections
They decided to consult Dr Mayank Uppal, Consultant, General Medicine at Sitaram Bhartia Hospital for a proper diagnosis.
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Viral fever is an infection characterized by high fever, headache and body aches. It is very common and usually not a big cause for concern.
“In viral fever, the high temperature may be your body’s attempt to remove the infection from your system. It is especially common in children and the elderly because they have weak immunity,” during his consultation. Dr Mayank informs.
“It can be difficult to differentiate between viral fever and dengue, especially because of similar symptoms, so you will need a clinical diagnosis and, if advised, a dengue test.”
“Unlike mosquito-borne dengue, viral infection can be transmitted through air, water or person-to-person,” explains Dr Mayank.
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After a medical examination, Supriya and Radhika both underwent a blood test, which they did 24 hours after the fever.
It turned out that Supriya had just contracted a viral fever. On the other hand, Radhika was suffering from Dengue.
Dr Mayank “High temperature usually subsides after 3 days but weakness after viral fever may last for a week”
“Look at how long it will take you to recover. The timing of viral fever plays a key role in managing it and finding out if there is a serious cause behind it.”
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“If you have a fever or severe headaches or unusual skin rashes, it could be a serious illness.”
For the treatment of viral fever, the correct drugs should be prescribed. If the fever is mild, you can avoid medicines after consulting your doctor.
Radhika’s temperature fluctuated for a while before it finally came down and so it took her a while to regain her strength.
On a follow-up visit, Radhika expressed her happiness, “I’m glad I ignored the symptoms like viral fever and got tested for dengue. I’m feeling much better now and I’ll be able to join work soon.”
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He is known for his medical expertise and has an interest in hypertension, diabetes and lifestyle diseases. Infectious disease is a major cause of social and economic instability, with pathogenic bacteria and viruses accounting for the majority of cases worldwide. That said, colonization does not necessarily lead to infectious disease, as some viruses and bacteria can multiply in the body without causing harm.
Bacteria and viruses work in similar ways, for example by killing cells. However, the bacteria can also cause the body to produce an exaggerated immune response, which itself can
Rate of bacterial and viral infections, scientists are spending a lot of time learning how these pathogens interact with the body. Only then can they adequately prevent or treat the spread of the disease.
The body tries to rid itself of a pathogen. For example, a high temperature can inactivate viruses and help bacteria, so fever is an early sign of infection.
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Another immune response is the production of more interferon, a substance involved in the body’s immune system. Interferon helps to reproduce viruses and bacteria. However, in concentrated amounts, it
A bacterial infection occurs when one or more bacteria enter the body and begin to multiply. However, not all bacterial infections cause disease.
Bacteria have evolved to evade or manipulate the body’s immune system. Therefore, when pathogenic bacteria enter the body,
Outside the body, they have no ability to reproduce. However, upon entering a living organism, the virus enters its cells and
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, there are many different types of coronavirus. Some cause minor symptoms like a cold, while others cause serious health complications.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new type of coronavirus. People exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus may develop the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
To determine if someone has a viral or bacterial infection, the doctor will usually ask questions about their symptoms and perform a physical exam.
Antiviral drugs are drugs that work to stop viruses from reproducing. Each antiviral drug usually works on one specific virus or only a group of viruses.
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Doctors usually use antibiotics to treat bacterial infections and antivirals for some viral infections. However, some infections cannot be treated.
The best way to prevent any type of infection is good hygiene. Vaccination is an effective way to prevent some viral and bacterial infections.
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As the end of the second world war approached, the mass production of the newly developed antibiotic penicillin saved the lives of wounded soldiers from bacterial infections. Since then, penicillin and many other antibiotics have successfully treated a variety of bacterial infections.
But antibiotics do not work against viruses; antivirals. Since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic, researchers and drug companies have been trying to find an antiviral that can treat SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
Why are there so few antivirals? The answer has to do with biology, and specifically what viruses use our cells to reproduce. This makes it difficult to kill viruses without killing their own cells in the process.
Remdesivir is one of the antivirals researchers are investigating as a treatment for COVID-19, but has shown mixed results in clinical trials. Ulrich Perrey / Pool / Reuters
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Bacteria are autonomous life forms that can live independently without a host organism. They are similar to our cells, but also have many features that are not found in humans.
For example, penicillin is effective because it interferes with the formation of the bacterial cell wall. Cell walls are made up of a polymer called peptidoglycan. Human cells do not have a cell wall or peptidoglycan. Therefore, antibiotics that prevent bacteria from making peptidoglycan can inhibit the bacteria without harming the person receiving the drug. This principle is known as selective toxicity.
Unlike bacteria, viruses cannot replicate independently outside the host cell. There is some debate as to whether they are actually living organisms.
To replicate, viruses enter a host cell and hijack its machinery. While inside, some viruses remain dormant, some replicate slowly and eventually leak out of cells, and others make so many copies that the host cell explodes and dies. The newly replicated viral particles then spread and infect new host cells.
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An antiviral drug that interferes with the “life” cycle of the virus during these events can be successful. The problem is that if it targets a replication process that is also important to the host cell, it is likely to be toxic to the human host as well.
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Successful antivirals target and disrupt a process or structure unique to the virus, thereby preventing the virus from replicating and minimizing harm to the patient. The longer the virus is attached to the host cell, the fewer targets the antivirus has to hit. Unfortunately, most viruses offer several unique points of difference that can be targeted.
Another complication is that different viruses differ from each other more than different bacteria. Bacteria all have double-stranded DNA genomes and grow independently and then divide in two, just like human cells.
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But there is considerable variation between different viruses. Some have DNA genomes while others have RNA genomes, and some are single-stranded and others are double-stranded. It is practically impossible to create a broad antiviral drug that will work against different types of viruses.
Nevertheless, there are points of difference between humans and viruses, and exploiting them has led to some success. An example is influenza A, which is one form of influenza.
Influenza A tricks human cells into entering them. Once inside our cells, the virus must “undress” and remove its outer coat to release its RNA into the cell.
A viral protein called matrix protein-2 is essential to this process, facilitating a series of events that remove the viral RNA from the viral particle. When the viral RNA is released inside the host cell, it is transported to the cell nucleus
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